生物强化生物滤池去除海水养殖废水中氨氮

Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen from Mariculture Wastewater by Bioaugmented Biofilter

针对海水养殖水生物脱氮效果差的问题,将海洋菌株SF16接种到曝气生物滤池中,构建生物强化海水养殖废水处理系统,以未投加菌株SF16的曝气生物滤池作为对照,研究了水力停留时间(HRT)、盐度、碳氮比、溶解氧(DO)等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响。结果表明,菌株SF16能显著提高曝气生物滤池耐盐性和异养硝化-好氧反硝化脱氮效果。菌株SF16强化曝气生物滤池在HRT为4 h,盐度为3%～5%,高锰酸盐指数/NH_4^+–N为14,DO为4～5 mg/L的适宜工艺条件下,处理初始NH_4^+-N浓度为10 mg/L的模拟海水养殖废水,NH_4^+-N、TN和高锰酸盐指数的去除率分别达到95%、93%和80%以上,NO_3^-–N和NO_2^-–N积累量分别低于0.1 mg/L和0.02mg/L,出水无机氮和高锰酸盐指数达到《海水养殖水排放要求》(SC/T 9103-2007)的一级排放标准。该研究结果能够为菌株SF16在海水(浓海水)养殖系统废水处理工程中应用提供技术支持。

In order to solve the problem about low nitrogen removal efficiency in biological treatment of mariculture wastewater,a biological aerated filter inoculated with marine strain SF16 was developed as a bioaugmentation system,taking a system without strain SF16 as control.And the effects of hydraulic retention time(HRT),salinity,COD/NH4+–N ratio and dissolved oxygen(DO)on ammonia-nitrogen(NH4+-N)removal were studied.The results showed that the marine bacteria SF16 could significantly improve the performances of biological aerated filter on salt resistance and heterotrophic nitrification–aerobic denitrification.When the aerated biological filter system,inoculated with strain SF16,was employed to treat synthetic mariculture wastewater of initial NH4+-N concentration of 10 mg/L,the suitable process conditions were HRT of 4 h,salinity of 3%to 5%,COD/NH4+–N of 4,and DO 4~5 mg/L.In these conditions,the removal efficiency of NH4+-N、TN,and COD reached above 95%,93%,and 80%,respectively.Meanwhile,NO3-–N,NO2-–N accumulation were below 0.1 mg/L and 0.02mg/L respectively.The concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and COD in the effluent reached the Grade I in Requirement for Water Drainage Standard for Sea Water Mariculture(SC/T 9103-2007).The research results may provide technical support for the application of the strain SF16 in treatment of mariculture wastewater.