摘要
近年来,纳米二氧化硅在农业中的应用越来越广泛,评价纳米二氧化硅对农作物生长的影响日益迫切。该文采用了经典的幼苗根伸长试验,研究了纳米二氧化硅(平均尺度14.0 nm,NP-Si)对卷心菜、胡萝卜和黄瓜3种蔬菜生长的影响;同时研究了亚微米二氧化硅(MP-Si,平均尺度为667.6 nm)对蔬菜生长的影响以作对比。结果显示,NP-Si对这3种蔬菜幼苗的生长均具有促进作用,且在脱离了NP-Si的接触后,此促进作用在实验周期内没有逆转;而MP-Si对蔬菜幼苗的生长无影响。多环芳烃菲的吸附将NP-Si对这3种蔬菜幼苗的促生长作用改变为抑制作用。FTIR的测定表明,多环芳烃菲的吸附前后,NP-Si的红外光谱有所不同。研究结果表明:(1)NP-Si对农作物生长的影响不仅仅来源于其纳米的尺度,还与其表面吸附的物质有关;(2)纳米材料表面的吸附作用及吸附的物质是在纳米材料对农作物生长影响的研究中必须考虑的重要因素。
Nanosilica has been used widely in agriculture in recent years.It is increasingly urgent to evaluate the effect of nanosilica on crops.This paper studied effects of nanosilica with average size of 14.0 nm(NP-Si)on cabbage(B.oleracea),carrot(D.carota)and cucumber(C.sativus)using root elongation test.Effects of submicron silica with average size 667.6 nm(MP-Si)were also studied.The results show that NP-Si has an enhancement effect on the seedling growth of the three vegetable crops.The enhancement effect is irreversible under the experiment conditions.MP-Si at the same time has no effect on the seedling growth.The coating of phenanthrene on NP-Si changes the enhancement effect into an inhibition effect.And FTIR measurements indicate that the spectra of NP-Si are different before or after the coating of phenanthrene.It is suggested that the effect of NP-Si on crops depends on both its nanoscale size and its surface adsorbed chemical species;and the surface adsorption capability and the surface adsorbed chemical species should both be considered when studying phytotoxicity of nanomaterials.
作者
杨岭
袁林喜
张学燕
YANG Ling;YUAN Linxi;ZHANG Xueyan(Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture,Suzhou 215008,China;Institute of Advanced Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230088,China;Otto H.York Center for Environmental Engineering and Science,New Jersey Institute of Technology,Newark,NJ 07102,USA)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期25-31,共7页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
苏州农业职业技术学院特色专业建设工程资助项目(苏农院(2017)29号)
