贵州双河洞空气环境主要因子化特征及影响因素分析

Variation Characteristics and Causes of Main Factors of Air Environment of Shuanghe Cave in Guizhou Province

洞穴主要空气环境因子是影响洞穴次生沉积物形成及洞穴气候环境变化的重要因素,为进一步揭示其内涵机理,通过2015-2017年对贵州绥阳双河洞系支洞——大风洞14个洞内监测点、2个上覆土壤点进行了为期2个水文年的监测,并运用数理统计等方法对监测数据进行分析,结果表明:双河洞空气环境主要因子(CO_2浓度、温度、相对湿度)均呈现出夏高冬低的季节性变化规律,并且由洞口向洞内,CO_2浓度年内变化幅度逐渐增大,温度、相对湿度则逐渐趋于恒定;受外部气候环境及上覆土壤的影响,洞内次生沉积物溶解沉积效应存在季节性差异;洞道形态及通风效应的差异增加了洞穴空气环境变化空间上的复杂性;旅游活动和呼吸作用在不同的程度上对洞穴空气环境的瞬时水平产生影响。

This study deals with the relationship between cave air environment characterization and the leading factors,which is an important issue in change of speleothems and in cave climate change estimations.The study focused on a twoyear monitoring and data analysis of main cave air environment in Dafeng Cave,a tributary cave of Shuanghe Cave in Suiyang County,Guizhou Province,during 2015-2017,including 14 cave sites and 2 adjacent karst soils.Calculations of this monitoring data indicated that carbon dioxide concentration,air temperature,and humidity in the main passage varies seasonally.From the opening to the cave,the variation of CO2 concentration gradually increased,and the change range of temperature and relative humidity gradually stabilized.Affecting not only by the external climatic conditions,but also by the overlying soils,different cave patterns and varied ventilation patterns increase the spatial complexity of cave climate change.Tourism activities and breathing,anthropogenic activity also affect the instantaneous level of cave air environment.