无人机辅助种间授粉对山核桃果实的直感效应

The Fruit-xenia Effects of Interspecies Pollination Assisted by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on Zhejiang Pecan (Carya cathayensis)

以15年生山核桃实生林为研究对象,于2016年5月1日(山核桃雌雄花已进入盛花期)对其采用无人机喷洒薄壳山核桃花粉液,测定果实产量、果重、核重、仁重等性状。结果表明:无人机授薄壳山核桃花粉对山核桃单位面积鲜果产量有明显增效作用,单位面积鲜果比对照增产37.16%,差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。对果实、果核(种子)及果仁有增效作用,平均单个果实的果重、核重、仁重分别比对照高12.02%、5.98%、5.49%,果重、核重的差异达显著水平(P<0.05),果径的差异达极显著水平(P<0.01);果高、核高、核径、仁重、出仁率的差异不显著。说明在无人机辅助授粉条件下,薄壳山核桃授粉对山核桃果实有明显的增效作用。

To investigate the fruit-xenia effects of American pecan(Carya illinoensis)pollination on seedling crop of Zhejiang pecan(Carya cathayensis),a 15-year seedling crop of C.cashanthayensis was spayed pollen solution acquired from C.illinoensis by the UAV technology On May 1,2016(when both male and female flowers of C.cashanthayensis were in opening flowering stages),then their fruit production,weight of fruit,seed,kernel were measured.The results showed that UAV pollination had an extremely significant synergy effect on fresh fruit yield of C.cashanthayensis per unit area(P<0.01)with an increase of 37.16%compared to the control.It also had an significant synergy effect on fruit,seed and kernel,the weight of fruit,seed and kernel per fruit had increased 12.02%,5.98%and 5.49%compared to the control,respectively.The weight of fruit and seed difference reached significant level(P<0.05),while the width of fruit difference reached extremely significant level(P<0.01).However,no significant differences were found in the height of fruit and seed,width of seed,weight and yield of kernel.In conclusion,under the condition of manual pollination assisted by UAV,pollination of C.illinoensis exerted an obvious synergy effect on fruit characters and production of C.cashanthayensis.