闽南沿海银杏引种栽培技术初探

Study on Introduction and Cultivation Techniques of Ginkgo on Southern Fujian Coast

2018年3月,从江苏邳州引进银杏苗木(规格分别为米径:8~9 cm(矮壮苗)、9~10 cm(普通苗)、10~11 cm(普通苗)在福建省泉州森林公园市里景观绿化用地种植,观察其物候期,观测茎高比、规格、施肥、浇水等因素对银杏生长的影响。结果表明:闽南沿海栽植的银杏3月初—中旬开始萌芽,3月下旬已展叶,9月下旬开始变为淡黄,1月中旬叶子基本落光,其休眠期较北方栽植地的休眠期短,萌芽展叶早。闽南沿海虽可引种成功、成活率高、适宜栽培,但苗木选择尤为重要,径高比大则抗风性强,以矮壮苗效果最好;也要注意区分假活苗和假死苗。同时适当的施肥和浇水可促进银杏生长。研究结果可为闽南沿海地区引种银杏提供参考。

Ginkgo introduced from Pizhou,Jiangsu was planted in Quanzhou Forest Park for landscape greening by March 2018,including short-strong seedlings 8~9 cm in diameter and common seedlings 9~10 cm or 10~11 cm in diameterIt.Phenological period,stem height ratio,specifications,fertilization and watering was observed to analysis effects on cultivation of Ginkgo.Ginkgo germination was from early to mid in march,leaf expansion was in late March,leaves was pale yellow in late September,defoliation stage was in mid-January.Its dormancy period was shorter than the northern,while germination and leaf expansion earlier.Although successful introduction,high survival rate and suitable cultivation was in Southern Fujian Coast,seedlings selection was important.Wind resistance was strong when diameter-height ratio was large,short-strong seedlings better,and attentionntion should be paid to distinguishing between pseudo-living seedlings and pseudo-dead seedlings.Proper fertilization and watering can promote growth of Ginkgo.The study will provide references for the introduction of apricots in the coastal areas of southern Fujian.