清末民国厦门“虎患”问题

The Problem of "Tiger Disaster" in Xiamen in the Period of the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

明清时期中国南方地区出现大规模的'虎患'问题,'虎患'所反映的是人与环境间矛盾的不可调和性。究其根本是人类社会活动造成的自然环境变迁,最终影响到同一生态系统下的虎的生存,导致了'人进虎现'的结果。本文在前人研究的基础上,以厦门作为个案,试图揭示清末民国时期厦门'虎患'问题背后所反映的环境变迁与'虎患'问题的内在关联性。通过对厦门方志资料以及近代报刊资料的分析,发现在同治、光绪以及民国期间报刊所记录的厦门'虎患',与此时的厦门城市开发建设有着密切关联。

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there was a problem of 'tiger disaster' on a large scale in southern China, which reflected the irreconcilability of the contradiction between human beings and the environment. It is the change of natural environment caused by human social activities, which finally affects the survival of tigers under the same ecosystem, and leads to the result of 'human being entering the domain of tigers'.On the basis of previous studies, taking Xiamen as a case study, this paper attempts to reveal the internal relationship between the environmental changes and the problem of'tiger disaster' in Xiamen during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.Through the analysis of Xiamen local chronicles and modern newspaper materials, it is found that during Tongzhi Period, and Guang Xu Period in Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. The tiger disease in Xiamen recorded by newspapers and periodicals is closely related to the development and construction of Xiamen city at that time.