国内一流大学通识教育课程本土化初期的问题及对策——基于南京大学的个案分析

The Insights on Initially Localizing General Education Curriculum Construction at Top Universities in China——Based on the case study of Nanjing University

通识教育在一流大学的人才培养中起着举足轻重的作用。本文以南京大学为个案,聚焦于课程层面,探析当前国内一流大学在通识教育本土化实践中存在的问题与对策。就整体路径而言,主要体现为从新生研讨课入手,逐步演进发展为完整的通识教育课程体系,该过程中应注重教师教学理念的统一,并确立导向明确的课程评价体系;就通识教育课程体系内部而言,课程数量、质量、结构问题交织,应制定政策鼓励教师承担课程建设任务,充分利用新兴教育技术开设慕课,建立常态化专门化课堂质量评价体系;就本土化初期通识教育课与专业课程产生的矛盾而言,关键在于帮助学生明晰通识教育课程的重要意义。

General Education plays an important role in top universities. This paper discusses the problems and solutions of China's top universities in the general education curriculum localization process by Nanjing University case. Firstly,on the whole,freshmen seminars will be as a starting point,and gradually developed into a complete system of general education curriculum. In this process,we should focus on unity of teaching philosophy,and establish a clear orientation course evaluation system. Secondly,from internal general education curriculum system,the problems of the quantity,quality,structure of courses are intertwined.We should formulate policies to encourage teachers to develop the appropriate courses,make more massive open online courses,and establish specialized teaching quality evaluation system. Thirdly,contradiction in general education courses and professional courses,the key is to help students understand the importance of general education curriculum.