望行游居:明代周廷策与止园飞云峰

Gaze, Walk, Wander and Dwell: 17th Century Landscape Architect Zhou Tingce and Feiyun Peak Rockeries in Zhiyuan Garden

晚明江南造园兴盛,呈现出日益专业化的倾向,涌现出一批造园名家,周廷策即其中之一,其代表作为止园飞云峰。首先梳理周秉忠、周廷策父子的相关史料,总结其作品的艺术特征;继而结合诗文绘画对止园飞云峰进行复原分析,并从可望、可行、可游、可居4个角度探讨飞云峰的营筑意匠。指出以飞云峰为代表的周氏叠山,既继承了魏晋以来"小中见大"的叠山传统,又体现了晚明画意影响造园的时代新风,具有重要的艺术价值和历史地位。

The art of landscape architecture thrived in the 17 th century in the region south of the Yangtze River in east China. Landscape architecture became a professional field at that time and a group of experts emerged in that region. Zhou Tingce was one of the most famous and Feiyun Peak rockeries in Zhiyuan Garden were his masterpiece. The paper examines the history of the landscape architecture practice of Zhou Tingce and his father Zhou Bingzhong. It analyzes the artistic characteristics of their gardening works. It reconstructed Feiyun Peak rockeries in Zhiyuan Garden according to related literature and paintings, summarizes the artistic characteristics of Feiyun Peak from four perspectives, i.e., to gaze, walk, wander and dwell. The paper reveals that Zhou family’s rockery construction art inherited the tradition of the Wei and Jin eras, while embodied the new trend from late Ming Dynasty which was influenced by the art of painting. Zhou’s landscape architectural art is of great importance in the Chinese garden history with very high artistic value.