公园绿地不同景观空间PM2.5分布特征及其影响因素研究

PM2.5 Concentration Distribution Characteristics in Different Landscape Spaces and Influencing Factors in Urban Park

研究选取城市公园中6个由不同景观要素构成的空间,通过监测不同空间内PM2.5浓度、空气温度、相对湿度及风速风向,分析不同空间景观要素组成与PM2.5浓度之间的关系,探讨不同空间气象因子变化与PM2.5浓度的相关性。研究结论如下,1)不同景观要素构成的空间中PM2.5浓度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。2)PM2.5浓度与绿量(D)呈显著负相关(R=-0.966),当113.57 m2<D<204.81 m2时,PM2.5浓度随绿量增加降低趋势较弱;当216.78 m2<D<370.38 m2时,PM2.5浓度随绿量增加下降趋势明显。3)不同景观空间中PM2.5浓度与相对湿度的变化范围有关,湿度变化范围越大,PM2.5浓度越高。4)PM2.5浓度较低的景观空间中温湿度和风速的变化范围较小。本研究结果为基于室外环境评价的城市公园设计提供了理论依据和方法。

This paper focuses on the six spaces composed of different landscape elements in an urban park to conduct on-site measurement.By measuring the PM2.5 concentration,air temperature,relative humidity,wind velocity and direction,and analyzing the relationship between the composition of landscape elements and PM2.5 concentration in different spaces,we explore the correlations between spatial meteorological factors and PM2.5 concentration.The results show that:1)There are significant differences(P<0.05)in PM2.5 concentrations among landscape spaces.2)There is a significant negative correlation(R=-0.966)between PM2.5 concentration and green volume(D).When 113.57 m2<D<204.81 m2,PM2.5 concentration decreases slowly with the increase of green volume,while the PM2.5 concentration plunges significantly when 216.78 m2<D<370.38 m2.3)The PM2.5 concentrations in different landscape spaces are related to the range of relative humidity:the greater range of humidity,the higher concentration.4)Spaces with lowest concentration show the characteristics of minimum temperature,relative humidity and wind speed range.The results of this study provide theoretical basis and methods for urban park design based on outdoor environmental assessment.