广东省梅州市1997～2001年狂犬病流行病学分析及控制对策

A Study on the Epidemiological Characteristics and the Control Measures of Rabies in Meizhou Guangdong Province from 1997 to 2001

目的 分析梅州市 1997～ 2 0 0 1年狂犬病流行特征 ,提出控制对策。方法 收集梅州卫生防疫站 1997～ 2 0 0 1年狂犬病病例资料 ,抽查犬密度和犬免疫情况。结果 犬密度最高 39 86 / 10 0人 ,犬是主要传染源(98 4 1% )。 1997～ 2 0 0 1年共发生 6 3例狂犬病病例 ,病程 3～ 5d占 82 5 3% ,男女比例为 3 2∶1,农民最多 (49 2 1% ) ,0～ 9岁组发病率最高 (2 5 39% ) ,多数病例没有进行伤口处理及免疫 (6 3 4 9% ) ,发病季节变化不明显。结论 犬密度高 ,犬免疫率低 ,疫点处理不彻底 ,暴露后处理不完善是造成狂犬病发病率居高不下的原因。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Meizhou from 1997 to 2001 and put forward the control measures. Methods By collecting rabies cases in Meizhou from 1997 to 2001 and selectively survey the density and the vaccination condition of dogs. Result The highest density of dogs was 39.86/100 persons. The vaccination rate of dogs was low. According to the data of 63 reported cases (48 cases of male, 15 cases of female, 31 cases of peasant), 62 cases were bitten by dogs and only one case was bitten by cat. The course of diseases from 3 to 5 days accounted for 82 53%.In all these cases, 40 cases had not receive any wound treatment and not immunized; 19 cases did not finished the whole course of vaccination against; one case that was bitten at face was only given rabies vaccine; 3 cases was given rabies vaccine and anti-rabies serum injection.Conclusion High density of dogs, low vaccination rate of dogs, incomplete treatment and no treatment after infection are the causes of the outbreak of many cases of rabies in the last few years. [