侗族节日设置的层次类型及特点分析——以黎平黄岗侗族为例

Analyzing Levels and Types of Festival Setting of Dong Ethnic Group and Its Features——A Case Study of Huanggang Dong People in Liping, Guizhou

节日的内容错综复杂,在其间祭祀先祖(神灵)、生产活动、禳解祸福和择偶性活动等往往交织在一起,如果以节日活动的内容为标准去加以归类,很难揭示出节日与节日之间的内在逻辑联系,也很难探寻节日设置的文化属性。这里通过对黄岗侗族节日的调查,其节日的设置都是以特定的时空场域为转移,在节日与节日之间、节日与所属的民族之间存在着极为严格的层次性差异,不同层次类型的节日,其涉及的时空场域亦具有很大的差异。

The festivals of Dong people are complex in content. During the festivals, activities of sacrificing to ancestors, production, praying and mating are intertwined. It is difficult to reveal the logical connection between the festivals and explore their cultural property of the festival setting just by the standard of content of activities during festivals. By investigating the festivals of Huanggang Dong people, the writer of this article finds that the setting of festivals is based on particular temporal and spatial field, that there are great differences in levels between festivals and between the ethnic groups, and that festivals of different levels and types are related to very different temporal and special fields.