清代移民神癨信仰的泛化与移民本土化研究——以巴渝地区移民为例

A Research of Generalization of Belief in Gods and Localization of Immigrants in Qing Dynasty——A Case Study of Immigrants to Chongqing

清代移民将家乡神带入新居地,建祠修庙,加以崇祀。随着移民后裔的繁衍和时间的推移,其乡梓记忆逐渐地淡忘,移民神癨信仰出现了泛化和多元化,地方神变成了共神,成为百姓信仰的众神之一。这反映了移民的文化认同过程,也揭示了移民的本土化过程。

Immigrants in Qing Dynasty brought their gods from their hometown to their new residences, and built clan halls and temples for them. With the time going by, the descendants of those immigrants became less and less familiar with their hometown and convention, leading to the generalization and diversification of their belief in gods. Thereafter, local gods turned into common gods, worshipped by all the local people. This phenomenon reflected the process of cultural identity and localization of immigrants.