从“阶级本位·政策法”时代到“国、民本位·混合法”时代——中国法律文化六十年

On Transition from the Era of"Class-Oriented and Policy-Law"to the Era of"State & People-Oriented and Mixed-law":Chinese Legal Culture of 60 Years

回顾中华人民共和国成立以来的法制发展史,这六十年的法律实践活动大致可以分为第一个三十年(1949-1979)与第二个三十年(1979-2009)两个阶段。由于第一个阶段的法制建设较为重视党和国家的政策,相对轻视法律的职能,可以称之为"阶级本位·政策法"时代。而第二个阶段的法治发展既注重维护社会主义国家的整体利益,又切实保障公民的个人权利;既重视成文法的制定,又注重发展独具特色的判例制度。因此,可以称之为"国、民本位·混合法"时代。

Reviewing the legal history of the People's Republic of China, legal practise of 60 years roughly can be divided into two stages:the first 30 years(1949-1979)and the second 30 years(1979-2009).Because policies of Party and state were paied attention to and function of law was despised comparatively at the first stage,so this stage can be called the era of"class-oriented and policy law".However,not only state interests was paied attention to, but also the citizen's individual rights were ensureed conscientiously;Not only the enactment of written law was paied attention to,but also development of the distinctive legal precedent system was attached importance to.So,the second stage can be called the era of"state & people-oriented and mixed-law".