中人在清代土地绝卖契约中的功能——兼与现代相关概念的比较研究

The Function of the Middleman in the Land Contracts of Sale in the Qing Dynasty——in Comparison of Modern Related Notion

清代土地绝卖契约订立时必须有中人参加,三面议定土地价格,监督和证明契、价的两相交付。中人在土地绝卖关系中扮演的角色极其重要,以至于我们无法设想一种没有中人的社会经济秩序。他们参与土地绝卖的整个过程,不但是居间撮合人和见证人,还可能是保证交易正当性和可靠性的保人,还是事后发生纠纷和冲突时的调处人。比较分析中人功能与现代相关概念有助于进一步探明中人在当时社会关系网络中的制度功能。

In Qing dynasty,signing‘Jue-Mai’contracts with the involvement of Zhong’ren is a must,who participate in negotiating prices of the land,monitoring and proof delivery of contracts and money.Zhong’ren paly an extremely important role in‘Jue-Mai’contracts of the land,so that we can’t imagine a socio-economic order without Zhong’ren,who is the intermediary,the witness,the guarantor,and the mediator of a contract.Therefore,a comparative analysis between functions of Zhong’ren and related modern concepts helps us further our study of systematic functions of Zhong’ren in Qing‘Guan-Xi’society.