土地开发决策模式与城镇发展——近代英国海滨休闲城镇的启示

Land-policy, Decision-making and the Development of British Seaside Resorts

近代英国海滨休闲城镇的发展在很大程度上受到土地开发模式的影响和制约 ,不同时期的决策主体 (地主、“改善委员会”和市政当局等 )对土地开发的自发或自觉的决策 ,显示了他们把握机遇的准确程度 ,从而决定了海滨休闲城镇的发展趋向 :起初处于“自发”状态 ;铁路时代则以利用大片土地进行铁路与车站建设为关键 ;后期 ,市政府能否顺应时代、积极有效地介入城镇建设至关重要。有鉴于此 ,在我国城市化过程中应注意城镇土地开发 ,进行系统规划 ,避免无序开发 ,尤其不能听任开发商的“自发”行为 ,这样才能在我国建成一批功能各异。

The development of the modern English seaside resorts were largely affected by land policy.The decision making of various bodies (including landowners,improvement committees and local governments) showed whether they could manage the opportunity decided the developing trend of seaside resorts which was spontaneous at first stage.From the mid century onwards being connected with the large city was the key factor concerning the sustainable development of seaside resorts.At the turn of the century the local government involved actively got in the urban infrastructure building.So we should take care of our land policy in Chinas urban development and improvement,thus leading to construction of modern ecological cities.