我国野生动物资源保护的刑法向度

On the Criminal Law Dimensions of Wildlife Resources Preservation in China

刑事法律手段是野生动物保护不可或缺的重要手段。我国野生动物刑事保护已初步形成了比较健全的法律体系。立法上,罪名设置体例不断完善,保护向度日益趋严,罪名由少到多,行为制裁面不断扩大,保护对象范围不断拓宽,法定刑由轻到重再由重到轻,注重财产刑处罚。司法上对珍贵、濒危野生动物的保护力度日趋加大,不断强化对"三有动物"和人工繁育的珍贵、濒危野生动物的保护。目前野生动物资源保护在刑事立法、司法方面还需进一步完善,如修改非法狩猎罪的犯罪构成要件;将一定范围的驯养动物纳入珍贵、濒危野生动物保护等。

Criminal law is an indispensable means to wildlife preservation and a relatively sound legal system of the criminal law protection of wildlife has initially been established in China.At the legislative level,the criminal charge system is improving gradually,the protection dimensions are strengthening,the names of crime are increasing,the legal sanctions of violations are extending,the objects of protection are enlarging,the legal punishments have experienced a shift from being light to severe and from being severe to light again,and the property-oriented punishments are emphasized.At the judicial level,the protection of precious and endangered animals is intensifying;the conservation of artificial breeding precious and endangered animals is strengthening.Currently,the preservation of wildlife resources needs to be further perfected on the levels of criminal legislation and judiciary,such as modifying the constitutive requirements for illegal hunting crime and including a certain range of domesticated animals in the precious and endangered animal protection list.