炭纤维增强人工关节软骨材料——超高分子量聚乙烯的摩擦学特性

Tribological Properties of Ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Carbon Fiber

用炭纤维对超高分子量聚乙烯进行填充改性,测试了炭纤维填充量对其硬度及摩擦学性能的影响,用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了填充复合材料磨损表面形貌.结果表明:随着炭纤维含量增加,复合材料的硬度上升,耐磨性增强;炭纤维可大幅度降低超高分子量聚乙烯在蒸馏水润滑条件下的摩擦系数;超高分子量聚乙烯在干摩擦下的磨损主要表现为粘着、犁沟及塑性变形,而炭纤维填充复合材料的磨损表现为炭纤维的剥离.

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as an artificial joint acetabular material was reinforced with carbon fibers (CFs) of various mass fractions. The effect of the CF mass fraction on the hardness and tribological properties of the reinforced UHMWPE composite was investigated. Thus the composite blocks were made to slide against a stainless steel ring under dry sliding and distilled-water lubricated conditions, and the morphologies of the worn composite surfaces were observed with a scanning electron microscope. As a result, the hardness and the wear resistance of the CF-UHMWPE composite were increased with the increase of the CF mass fraction, while the composite had largely decreased friction coefficients under the lubrication of distilled water as compared with the unfilled UHMWPE. This was attributed to the reinforcing function of the CF fibers in the composite and the lubricating action of the water boundary film. UHMWPE was dominated by adhesion, plowing, plastic deformation and fatigue in sliding against the stainless steel, while the CF-UHMWPE composite was characterized by the spalling of the carbon fibers and the resulting abrasive wear was attributed to the carbon fiber wear debris.