甲壳素纳米纤维/蒙脱土复合材料的制备与性能

Preparation and properties of chitin nanofibers/montmorillonite composites

采用超声混溶-真空抽滤法制备了甲壳素纳米纤维(CNF)/蒙脱土(MMT)插层复合材料,通过FE-SEM和FTIR对复合材料的结构进行表征,并研究了MMT含量对复合材料力学性能、吸水性能、热膨胀系数(CTE)和热稳定性的影响。结果表明:当MMT含量较少时,CNF与MMT的复合状态较好,CNF较均匀分散在片状MMT的片层间,形成了CNF/MMT插层复合材料;随着MMT含量的增加,复合材料的力学性能和吸水率降低;CNF的增多会抑制MMT的热膨胀,使复合材料的CTE降低;添加MMT可以减少材料的失重率,提高起始降解温度,有利于改善CNF/MMT复合材料的热稳定性。

The chitin nanofibers(CNF)/montmorillonite(MMT)intercalated composites were prepared by using the method of ultrasonic miscibility-vacuum filtration.The structure of CNF/MMT was characterized by FE-SEM and FTIR,and the effects of MMT content on the mechanical properties,water absorption performance,coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)and thermal stability of the composites were investigated.The results show that,when the content of MMT is low,the bonding state of CNF and MMT is relatively good,CNF are more evenly dispersed in lamellar MMT interlayer,which forms CNF/MMT composites.The mechanical properties and water absorption of the composites decrease with the increasing of MMT content.CTE of the composites reduces with the the increasing of CNF because CNF could suppress the thermal expansion of MMT.The thermal stability of CNF/MMT composites can be effectively improved through adding MMT since it can reduce the mass loss rate of composites and improve the initial degradation temperature.