代位权人优先受偿权制度的合理性分析

A Law-economics Approach to Priority to Gain Compensation Owned by the Subrogation Man

最高人民法院的司法解释大大扩充了《合同法》关于代位权效力的规定,由此引发了民法学界的种种质疑。本文运用法律经济学中的成本-效益分析方法,论证了债权人行使代位权且有优先受偿权比之于不行使代位权或行使代位权而无优先受偿权的制度设计更有效率、更接近于公平与效益的平衡点,是一种更合理的制度选择。因此,这样的司法设计在实践中是可行的,将其由司法解释变为法律条文是完善代位权制度并发挥该制度功能的需要。

The judicial explanation of the Supreme People's Court enlarges the effect of the subrogation right regulated by contract law,which has been arousing questions of civil law circle.The article will use the analytical methods of costbeneficial results in laweconomics to demonstrate that the system in which loaners can exercise the subrogation right and have priority to gain compensation is more efficient and more propitious to realize the equilibrium of equity and efficiency than the one in which loaners cannot exercise the subrogation right or they can exercise the right but have no priority to gain compensation,and that such is the optimal choice in system.So,the judicial design is feasible in practice,and to make the judicial explanation be the legal articles is the need to perfect the system on subrogation right and perform its functions.