效率追求如何契合公正:刑事诉讼期限立法的基本原则

How Efficiency Pursuit Could Accord with Justice:Basic Legislative Principles of the Time Limit for Criminal Procedure

基于刑事程序的惩罚性、诉讼认识的回溯性、司法资源的有限性,刑事诉讼效率获得了充分正当性,被视为司法公正的保障路径重要内容之一。为确保公安司法机关高效行使职权、防范诉讼拖沓,我国刑事诉讼法在各个诉讼环节设置了繁密的期限规则。但规范繁多不代表制度完备,现行期限立法缺乏科学理念指导,在明确性、严谨性、完备性等方面存在缺陷。欲保障刑事诉讼效率的公正价值,防范超期羁押、超期办案等实践乱象,需要严格遵循适度、明确、封闭、救济等原则,对刑事诉讼期限规则进行系统检视与完善。

Based on the punitiveness of criminal proceeding,the historicality of judicial fact-finding and the finiteness of judicial resources,the criminal procedure efficiency gains sufficient legitimacy and is considered as of judicial justice.In order to prevent case delay the criminal procedure law sets extensive time limit rules in every section.However,variety does not mean integrity.There are defects in the aspects of specificity,preciseness and completeness due to the lack of direction of scientific ideas.To insure the justice value of procedural efficiency and prevent judicial chaos such as extended detention,we need take a system checking of the time limit rules for criminal procedure and reconstruct it following the principles of moderation,definiteness,sealing and relief.