对强智能机器人刑事责任主体地位否定说的回应

Response to Denial of Subject Status of Criminal Responsibility of Smarter Intelligent Robots

弱人工智能机器人不能成为刑事责任主体,但是会对刑事责任的转移或者分配产生影响。对于强智能机器人是否应具有刑事责任主体地位,刑法学界主要存在肯定说和否定说两种不同观点。坚持否定说的学者所持的理由存在缺陷和误区,当前对强智能机器人刑事责任主体地位之探究并非在做无用之功。强智能机器人与现有刑事责任主体的差别不应成为否定其刑事责任主体的理由;'强智能机器人不具有自由意志'的论断无法得到证明;因处罚不能而否定强智能机器人刑事责任主体地位的观点属因果倒置;强智能机器人刑事责任主体地位的确立不会成为现有刑事责任主体推卸刑事责任的理由。将具有辨认能力和控制能力的强智能机器人作为刑事责任主体不仅有其合理性,且有利于发挥刑法的机能。

Weak artificial intelligent robots cannot become the subject of criminal responsibility,but they will have an impact on the transfer or distribution of criminal responsibility.On whether the smarter intelligent robot should have the status of criminal responsibility,there are two different viewpoints in the criminal law academic circles:affirmative and negative.There are misunderstandings in the reasons held by scholars who insist on negation.The current exploration of the subjective status of criminal responsibility of smarter intelligent robots is not doing useless work.The difference between a smarter intelligent robot and the existing criminal responsibility subject should not be the reason for denying the subject of criminal responsibility.The argument that the'smarter intelligent robot does not have free will'cannot be proved.The view that the criminal responsibility of the smarter intelligent robot is denied due to punishment cannot be caused is an inversion of cause and effect.The establishment of the criminal responsibility subject of smarter intelligent robots will not become the reason for the existing criminal liability subject to shirk criminal responsibility.It is not only reasonable but also beneficial to play the function of criminal law to use the intelligent robot with identification ability and control ability as the criminal liability subject.