基于石墨烯的电化学基因传感器

Electrochemical gene sensors based on graphene

石墨烯及其复合物是构建新型电化学生物传感器的理想材料,为临床诊断、食品安全、环境监测等研究领域提供了材料基础。本文简述了几种有效的石墨烯制备方法:剥离法、化学气相沉积法、固态碳源催化法和氧化还原法等;论述了基于石墨烯的电化学基因生物传感器的应用研究,如在脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)、核酸类似物(PNA)、核糖核酸(RNA)和腺苷的检测应用。本文为基于石墨烯的生物传感器的构建提供了纳米材料制备方法和生物传感策略等方面的参考,并展望了基因生物传感器的未来发展及应用方向。

Graphene and its complexes are ideal materials for constructing new electrochemical biosensors,providing the material basis for clinical diagnostics,food safety,environmental monitoring and other research fields.In this paper,several effective methods for preparing graphene were introduced,such as exfoliation,chemical vapor deposition,solid carbon source catalysis and redox methods.The application of gene electrochemical biosensors based on graphene,such as detection of deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA),peptide nucleic acids(PNA),ribonucleic acid(RNA)and adenosine were also discussed.This review provided references for the preparation of graphene-based gene biosensors,including the preparation methods of nanomaterials and the strategies of biosensing,looking forward to the future development and application of gene biosensors.