麦棉套种对棉行太阳辐射和温度的影响

Effects of Intercropping of Wheat and Cotton on Solar Radiationand Temperature of Row Mlddle Centre

对３－２式麦棉套种预留棉行的小气候效应进行研究在明，小麦对预留棉行有根强的遮荫作用；致使齐穗期预留棉行中央的光合有效辐射较冠层减少３０％，太阳总辐射削减１９％；小麦黄熟前，预留棉行内风速较一熟棉田小，午后气温也较一熟棉田低；共生前期麦套露地棉田地温较一熟棉田低，小麦黄熟后较一熟棉田高，而麦套地膜棉田的地温一直较一熟棉田高。降低小麦株高，留足预留棉行，麦套棉地膜覆盖。加强小麦生育后期的水分管理，都有利于减轻麦棉套种的不利和小气候的影响。

The effects of 3-2 pattern intercropping of wheat and cotton on microclimatewere studied.It showed that the rows preremained to plant cotton was shaded seriously bywheat.the PAR was reduced about 30%at the centre of the intercropped rows and thesolar radiation was reduced about 19%.The air temperature and wind speed of 20cmabove ground at centre of the intercropped rows were lower than that at single cotton crop-ping field during first stage of wheat and cotton coexistance. The soil temperature of theintercropped rows was lower than that of the single cropping,too,during the first stage,but it was higher after wheat getting yellow,The soil temperature of the film mulching oncotton in the intercropping field was higher than the single cotton cropping.It was profitto reduce the effects of adverse microclimate on cotton growth,if wheat plant height wasreduced,the rows preremained to plant cotton was widen enough,filmmulching was onlyon the cotton row in the wheat and cotton intercropping,and water management was bet-ter during last wheat growth stage.