国家翻译实践的规范化问题——以景教汉译《圣经》实践为例

On the Normalization of the National Translation Program A case study of the Nestorians’ biblical translation into Chinese

尽管翻译种类多种多样,翻译现象纷繁复杂,但都无法逃避宰制特定语境的规范制约。国家翻译实践作为对外话语体系的重要组成部分,对其规范化问题的探讨无疑是构建对外话语体系的应有之义。本文以我国唐朝时期景教汉译《圣经》为案例,着重研究景教翻译的语言规范、译者规范及制度规范。研究表明,景教翻译在语言规范、译者规范及制度规范层面的不力,直接关系到景教在中国的最后失利。在此基础上,本文认为:加强国家翻译实践相关层面的规范化,直接关乎'中国文化走出去'战略的成败,对于中国特色对外话语体系的建构具有重要的理论和现实意义。

All Translations,complex as they are,can never be immune to the contextual norms.Therefore,it is of significance to normalize the national translation program in China which,as a whole,is critical for the dissemination of Chinese discourse abroad.This article is based on a case study of the Nestorians’biblical translation into Chinese during the Tang dynasty(618-907).It focuses on its linguistic norms,translator norms and institutional norms.The result shows that the Nestorians’translation of the Bible into Chinese did not conform to the three types of norm,which resulted in the failure of Nestorianism in China.It is argued that the normalization of the national translation program is not only related to the success of the Chinese cultural'Going Out'initiative,but of theoretical and practical significance for the establishment of Chinese discourse dissemination system.