欧洲政治一体化的进程:历史的回顾

Retrospect on the Process of Political Integration in Europe

欧洲政治一体化不仅通过欧共体/欧洲联盟的共同政策领域从经济向政治的扩展,更通过其性质和属性的演变表现出来。作为政治一体化的结果,到目前为止,欧盟已成为一个在不同的领域中以不同的方式分别实行超国家性质和成员国政府间合作性质的区域一体化国际组织,为一体化的各类行为主体在共同政策的决策上提供交流和妥协的法律构架和行为规则的一种政策共同体。本文以欧洲一体化的实践以及相应的理论发展为线索,试图对这一进程准确地加以表述并做出合理的解释。此外,本文还在此基础上,就欧盟制宪问题,提出几点看法。

The European political integration has not only witnessed the expansion of common policy from economy to politics,but also the evolution of its nature and identity. As a result of political integration,the EU has already become an integrated international organization that has both supra-national and inter-governmental characters,and acts with different methods in different fields. The EU provides actors of the integration with legislation framework for communication and compromise as well as norms of action, therefore, it is also a community of policies. By examine the practice of the integration and theories come long with it,the paper analyses the development of the EU integration.