泥炭淤泥质土壤的理化性质与其腐植酸组分之间的统计关系

Statistical Relationship Between Selected Physicochemical Properties of Peaty-muck Soils and Their Fraction of Humic Acids

腐植酸对土壤环境的影响仍然是科学研究需要讨论的话题。本研究目的是调查11种泥炭淤泥质土壤的理化性质与从中分离的腐植酸属性的相关关系。本次测量的土壤参数有:总碳和有机碳、容重、灰分、腐殖化度和吸水指数。选择的腐植酸参数有:280 nm吸光度,465 nm和655 nm、260 nm和655 nm的吸光度比值,元素组成,H/C,O/H,O/C,C/N,氧化程度,羧基和酚基官能团含量。统计分析显示:容重、腐殖化度、吸水指数的升高导致腐植酸参数280 nm吸光度、含氧量、O/H、O/C、氧化度、官能团含量的显著升高。研究还发现土壤属性参数与腐植酸的碳氢含量及H/C比值呈明显负相关。因此,只要测量一些土壤参数,即使没有耗时分离腐植酸,弄清腐植酸的性质也成为可能。

Infl uence of humic acids on soil environment is still subject of scientifi c discussions. The aim of above studies was to investigate the relationships between selected physicochemical properties of eleven peaty-muck soils and properties of humic acids isolated from these soils. The following parameters were determined for soils: total and organic carbon, density, ash, humifi cation, and the water absorption index. Humic acids were described by: absorbance at 280 nm, absorbance ratios at 465 nm and 665 nm, at 260 nm and 665 nm, elemental composition and atomic ratios: H/C, O/H, O/C, C/N, the degree of internal oxidation, and the content of carboxylic and phenolic groups. Statistical analyses showed that an increase in density, humifi cation, and water absorption indices of soils caused a signifi cant increase in the humic acid parameters: absorbance at 280 nm, the oxygen content, O/H, O/C ratios, internal oxidation degree, and functional groups. Statistically signifi cant negative correlations were found for the same parameters of soils and for the hydrogen and carbon content as well as the H/C ratio of humic acids. The relationships showed that there was a possibility to express the properties of humic acids on the basis of more simple parameters measured for soil and without timeconsuming isolation of humic acids.