彩色聚合物微球的制备及其在纺织品印染中应用的研究进展

Preparation of colored polymer microspheres and research progress thereof in textile dyeing and printing

为弥补纺织品着色用染料和颜料存在的不足,开发彩色聚合物微球作为新型色素是有效途径之一。介绍了聚合物微球的制备方法,综述了近年来国内外制备彩色聚合物微球的3种方法:聚合包覆法、直接染色法和表面修饰法,从彩色聚合物微球的粒径尺寸及单/窄分散性、染料在聚合物微球表面的吸附量及吸附稳定性、纯度和功能性4个方面探讨了由不同方法所制得的彩色聚合物微球的特点。结果表明:将彩色聚合物微球用于织物的染色和印花,可获得较高的颜色深度和鲜艳度,主要色牢度指标均达到服用性能要求;彩色聚合物微球具有染料色彩鲜艳和有机颜料耐久性好等优点,在纺织品印染方面具有良好的应用前景。

In order to make up the inadequacy of dye and pigment used in textile dyeing and printing, the preparation of the colored polymer microspheres may be one of the effective ways to solve the problem. The preparation methods of the polymer microspheres were introduced. The three methods recently developed in preparation of the colored polymer microspheres, including the entrapment method, the direct staining method and the surface modification method, as well as their research progress were reviewed. The characteristics of the colored polymer microspheres prepared by various methods were analyzed and compared from four aspects, which include the size and single/narrow dispersion, the adsorption capacity and stability of the dye on the surface of the polymer microspheres, purity and functionality. The results show that the application of colored polymer microspheres in dyeing and printing of textiles achieve higher color depth and brightness, and the main color fastness can satisfy the requirement of wearability. With the advantages of good chromatic properties of dyes and good durability of organic pigments, the colored polymer microspheres show a good prospect in textile dyeing and printing.