抗褐飞虱基因Bph14和Bph15杂交稻的分子标记辅助选育与抗性评价

Resistance Evaluation and Marker-assisted Selection(MAS) for Brown Planthopper Resistance Genes Bph14 and Bph15 in Hybrid Rice

为科学评价抗褐飞虱基因Bph14和Bph15在杂交稻抗性改良中的育种利用价值,本研究通过分子标记辅助选择,获得恢复系桂339的抗褐飞虱近等基因系,并观察近等基因系与不育系良丰A配组的表现。结果表明分子标记辅助选择能够提高Bph14和Bph15的育种改良利用效率。恢复系桂339的抗褐飞虱近等基因系及其与良丰A所配的杂交组合,在苗期鉴定中,只有带有双抗基因的等基因系达到中抗水平,平均抗性指数为4.30,其余近等基因系和相应的组合均感虫,平均抗性指数介于7.43和8.57之间,但在大田种植中与对照相比,除桂339(Bph14)外,均表现出明显的褐飞虱抗性,说明苗期人工接种鉴定与成株期田间抗性表现相结合可更加客观地评价抗褐飞虱基因Bph14和Bph15的遗传改良效应。

To precisely evaluate the value of brown planthopper(BPH) resistance genes Bph14 and Bph15, brown planthopper resistant near isogenic lines(NILs) of rice cultivar Gui339 was developed by marker-assisted selection(MAS). Near isogenic lines and their hybrids with male sterile line Liangfeng A were tested for brown planthopper resistance. The results indicated MAS technique could significantly promote the breeding utilization efficiency of brown planthopper resistance genes Bph14 and Bph15. In artificial inoculation experiment with larva at seedling stage, the NILs that pyramided both Bph14 and Bph15 were moderately resistant to BPH, with an average resistance index of 4.30. However, the left NILs and all the hybrids were susceptible to BPH, with average resistance index ranging from 7.43 to 8.57. In natural field assessment at mature stage, all the NILs and their hybrids show better resistance than the controls. In conclusion, it is necessary to combine artificial inoculation with natural field assessment to precisely evaluate the efficiency of Bph14 and Bph15 in rice breeding.