苦瓜种质资源SSR遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Bitter Gourd Germplasm Resources Revealed by SSR Analysis

利用苦瓜SSR引物对50份苦瓜基因组DNA进行扩增,分析其遗传多样性,并用NTSYS-pc 2.10e软件进行数据分析,计算遗传相似度,并用UPGMA方法进行聚类和亲缘关系分析。结果表明:16对SSR引物扩增出103条等位基因,多态性条带100个,平均每对引物扩增出6.44个位点,说明SSR引物在苦瓜遗传分析中有较高的实用性。50份苦瓜多态性位点百分率P、基因杂合度(He)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、ShannonWiener指数(H')、多态信息含量(PIC)和遗传距离的均值结果分别为:95.8%、0.845、8.341、2.089、0.823、0.333,表明参试苦瓜遗传信息非常丰富。聚类分析将50份苦瓜聚为8类,第7类为最大遗传群体,野生苦瓜在整个群体的最外围,说明该材料具有独特的遗传特性;另外,多数油瓜分类中含有珍珠瓜和大顶苦瓜,说明油瓜中含有其它两类苦瓜较为丰富的遗传信息。

In this study, the genetic diversity of 50 bitter gourd(Monodrama charantia L.) was analyzed by SSR primers. The data analysis with NTSYS-PC 2.10 e software was used to calculate the genetic similarity, and clustering and genetic relationship were analyzed by UPGMA method. The results showed 16 SSR primers combinations amplified 103 bands including 100 polymorphic bands. Each pair of primers amplified 6.44 loci on average, showing good practicability of SSR primers in bitter gourd genetic analysis. The average value of polymorphism loci percentage(P), genetic heterozygosity(He), effective number of alleles(Ne), Shannon-Wiener index(H'), polymorphism information content(PIC) and genetic distance was 95.8%, 0.845, 8.341, 2.089, 0.823, 0.333,respectively. It suggested that genetic information were abundant in bitter gourd. Based on cluster analysis, 50 bitter were divided into eight major categories, and the category 7 was the biggest genetic group. Wild bitter was clustered in a single cluster, showing that it had special genetic characteristics. In addition, most of the oil bitter gourds classification contained pearl bitter and broad-shoulder bitter, suggesting that oil bitter type contained more genetic information than other two kinds of bitter type.