植物油脂合成的转录调控研究进展

Research Advance in Transcriptional Regulation of Lipid Synthesis and Accumulation in Plant

植物油是重要的食品、生物能源和工业原料。油料作物育种的一个重要方向是提高种子的含油量。种子油脂合成的生化过程已经非常清楚,但这个过程的调控机制还有待研究。研究表明许多转录因子,如LEC1、LEC2、ABI3和WRI1等在种子发育时油脂的合成与积累过程中发挥重要的调控作用,这些转录因子可能作为分子育种中潜在的靶基因。在此首先简要介绍了种子油脂合成过程;然后综述了分子手段提高油料作物种子含油量的策略;最后,我们详细介绍了目前已知的与种子中油脂积累过程相关的转录因子。以期为分子育种中靶基因选择提供理论依据。

Vegetable oil not only plays important roles in the human diet life, but also acts as important fuel and raw material of industry. An important direction of oil crop breeding is to improve the seed oil content. Although biosynthesis of fatty acid and triacylglycerols has been biochemically well studied in seed, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of the pathway. Previous reports showed that a number of transcription factors including LEC1,LEC2, ABI3 and WRI1 played an important role in regulating synthesis and accumulation of lipid in the seed. These genes could be acted as the potential manipulation targets for molecular breeding. In this paper, the fundamental information on storage lipid accumulation in developing seed was briefly introduced. Following this, there is a discussion of the strategy used to improve oil contents of oilseed by molecular breeding. Finally, the review focuses on the transcription factors which can regulate the biosynthesis and accumulate of lipid during seed development of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus. This review provides theoretical basis for the selection of the target genes for genetic engineering.