红麻种质脂肪酸成分差异及其相关性分析

Analysis of Difference and Correlation of Fatty Acid Composition between Kenaf Germplasm

为探明红麻种质种籽油脂开发利用价值,采取索氏提取法和气相色谱法对其种籽含油量和脂肪酸成分进行了研究,并对其做了相关性分析与聚类分析。结果表明,红麻种质种籽含油率较高,最高达25.87%,均值达23.36%;其脂肪酸主要由5种脂肪酸组成,平均含量顺序为亚油酸(43.92%)>油酸(28.40%)>棕榈酸(19.40%)>亚麻酸(3.40%)>硬脂酸(2.58%),不饱和脂肪酸达70.61%~89.09%,其中油酸含量大于27.08%的品种达19个,亚油酸含量超过50.88%的为5个,亚麻酸含量高于1.51%的品种有10个。相关分析表明,红麻种质含油量与棕榈酸、油酸呈正相关,与其它三个脂肪酸呈负相关。按聚类分析可将供试红麻种质划分为三大类,MSI101和H368两个品种为第一类,粤红1号、福红952、金光1号、玫瑰茄4611和福红航4号等5个品种为第二类,其余15个品种为第三类。综合分析可见,红麻种质种籽油具有较高含油量和适宜的脂肪酸含量,达到食用植物油标准,具有较好开发利用前景。MSI101和H368两个品种对特种保健食用油开发和品质育种具有重要应用价值。

Abs tract In order to investigate the se eds oil use value of kenaf germplasm, the oil content and fatty acid composition were determined by Soxhlet extraction method and gas phase chromatography, and the correlation analysis and cluster analysis was analyzed. The results showed that kenaf seed oil content was higher, up to 25.87%and its average value was 23.36%; The fatty acid was mainly composed of 5 kinds of fatty acids, and the order of average content was linoleic acid(43.92%)>oleic acid(28.40%)>palmitic acid(19.40%)>linolenic acid(3.40%)>stearic acid(2.58%). The unsaturated fatty acid changed in the amplitude of the 70.61%~89.09%, the number of kenaf varieties of oleic acid content than 27.08% reached 19, linoleic acid content than 50.88% had five, and linolenic acid content higher than 1.51% was 10. Correlation analysis showed that the oil content of kenaf germplasm was positively with palmitic acid and oleic acid, and negatively correlated with the other three fatty acids. The kenaf material can be divided into three categories based on cluster analysis of oil content and fatty acid content. The first class included MSI101 and H368 two varieties; The second category included Yuehong 1,Fuhong 952, Jinguang 1, Roselle 4611 and Fuhonghang 4; The remaining 15 species belonged to the third class.Comprehensive analysis showed that kenaf germplasm seed contained high content of oil and appropriate fatty acids, which reached the edible vegetable oil standards and had better development and utilization prospect. The two varieties of MSI101 and H368 had important application value for special health edible oil development and quality breeding.