231份烤烟种质主要化学成分和农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Important Chemical Components and Agronomic Traits in 231 Flue-Cured Tobacco Germplasms

为解决烤烟种质创新与品种改良遗传基础狭窄问题,本研究采用多元统计分析方法对国内外231份烤烟种质的13个主要化学成分和农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,231份烤烟种质在株高、叶长、叶宽、总糖、还原糖、总氮等多个性状均表现出了极高的遗传变异,变异系数11.75%~29.26%之间,平均为20.51%;相关性分析发现,烤烟农艺性状间及化学成分间各自存在显著相关性,而农艺性状与化学成分间则无明显的相关性;主成分分析可知,可以用化学成分(钾含量除外)、株高和叶数、茎围、节距、叶宽、钾和叶长共7个主要成分来归纳;聚类分析结果表明,国内外烤烟种质聚成4个类群,各类群在农艺性状及化学成分方面具有极显著差异。

To provide useful information for cultivars improvement in flue-cured tobacco breeding programs, 213flue-cured tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) germplasms derived from domestic and overseas origins were investigated and measured by multiple statistical analysis based on 13 phenotype traits, include major chemical components and agronomic traits, revealing about their genetic diversity. The results showed that the very high diversity was detected on all of the traits of 231 flue-cured tobaccos in plant height, leaf length, leaf width, total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, and the coefficient of variation of different traits was between 11.75% and 29.26%, with the average value of 20.51%. Correlation analysis found that a very significant correlation among 8 agronomic traits as well as the 5 chemical components was detected, while the agronomic traits and chemical components were no correlation. 7 principal components were chemical components(except potassium), plant height and leaf number,stem girth, inter-node length, leaf width, potassium and leaf length. These results of cluster analysis showed that the flue-cured tobacco germplasms could be clearly divided into 4 categories, which all have the highly significant differences between agronomic traits and chemical components.