苹果属植物组织培养的研究进展

Research Progress on Tissue Culture of Malus Plant

苹果属植物具有较高的营养价值、观赏价值和经济价值,组织培养技术可以保存其优良性状并提高繁殖效率,从而成为苹果属植物快速繁殖的一条重要途径。本研究从苹果属植物组织培养中外植体、基本培养基、培养环境、植物生长调节剂、组培移栽等方面进行综述,总结了历年来苹果属植物组织培养技术上的相关成果,并提出目前存在的问题及展望。今后将继续研究解决苹果属植物组织培养中褐化、污染、玻璃化等问题,从而提高繁殖系数,为工厂化育苗提供一定的参考;加强关于胚乳培养方面的研究;加强对苹果属不同种类的植物组织培养的研究,以提高它们的利用价值,同时对种质资源的保护也有很大的意义。

Malus plant has high nutritional value,ornamental value and economic value.Tissue culture technology can preserve its good traits and increase reproductive efficiency,thus becoming an important way for rapid propagation of Malus plant.In this study,the explants,basic culture media,culture environment,plant growth regulators,tissue culture and transplanting were summarized from the tissue culture of Malus plant,summarizes the relevant achievements in the tissue culture techniques of the Malus plant over the years,and proposed the existing problems and prospects.In the future,we would continue to study and solve the problems of browning,pollution and vitrification in the tissue culture of Malus plant,so as to improve the breeding coefficient and provide some references for factory nursery.To strengthen the research on endosperm culture,To strengthen the research on the tissue culture of different species of Malus plant,at the same time,the protection of germplasm resources might be also of great significance.