药用植物茅苍术快繁及组织培养技术初探

Preliminary Study on Rapid Propagation and Tissue Culture of Medicinal Plant Atractylodes lancea

为保护珍贵药用植物茅苍术(Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC),本研究利用组织培养的方式加速茅苍术的繁殖系数,为工厂化大规模培养茅苍术提供有力根据。实验采用无菌茎段和叶柄为实验材料,发现在快速繁殖培养基MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA的幼苗中,多数叶片为深绿色,枝条纤细,愈伤组织的颜色较深,在生根培养基中,会从基部分化出1～2个诱导根。相对的,在组织培养培养基MS+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L KT+2.0 mg/L 6-BA诱导的试管苗中愈伤组织的颜色比较浅,在0.5 mg/L IBA+2.0 mg/L 6-BA的幼苗分化培养基中,幼苗生长健壮,试管苗增值系数达到4.2,分化的丛生芽为黄绿色,生长健壮。此外,本实验运用土培和水培两种炼苗方法,结果显示,在液体培养基1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L NAA中,茅苍术的成活率高,根平均根长达到6.4 cm,证明水培炼苗更适合茅苍术的培养、繁殖。

To protect the valuable medicinal plant Atractylodes lancea, tissue culture technique was used in this study to speed up the propagation coefficient of A. lancea so as to provide a strong basis for large-scale industrial cultivation of A. lancea. The aseptic stem segment and petiole were used as explant, and it was found that in the rapid propagation medium MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA, most of the leaves were in dark green, and the seedlings grew higher. The branches were slender, and the callus was dark green. In the rooting medium, 1~2 roots could be induced from the dark green callus. In contrast, in the tissue culture medium MS+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L KT+2.0 mg/L 6-BA, the color of callus was lighter. In the seedling differentiation medium of 0.5 mg/L IBA+2.0 mg/L 6-BA, the seedlings grew vigorously, and the value-added coefficient of test-tube seedlings reached 4.2.The differentiated cluster buds were yellow-green and grew strongly. In addition, soil culture and hydroponic were applied in this study for hardening-seedling. The results showed that the survival rate of A. lancea seedlings was higher in the liquid medium 1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L NAA, and the average root length reached 6.4 cm, indicating that hydroponicwas more suitable for the cultivation and reproduction of A. lancea.