植物重金属胁迫相关miRNA的研究进展

Research Progress of miRNA Related to Heavy Metal Stress in Plants

重金属胁迫是植物面临的一种重要的非生物胁迫。重金属会破坏细胞中的蛋白质结构,它产生的活性氧等有害物质也会对植物的生长发育造成危害。植物在进化过程中形成了多种应对重金属胁迫的分子机制,而miRNA在其中发挥了重要的调控作用。本综述概括总结了重金属对植物的危害作用、植物解除重金属胁迫的机制、miRNA的形成过程和作用机理,具体分析了在铜、镉、砷、汞等不同重金属胁迫条件下miRNA及其靶基因的应答情况,并对国内外相关研究内容和研究重点进行了总结和展望。本综述内容为更深入地研究植物应答重金属胁迫的调控机制及植物的抗性育种提供一定的参考。

Heavy metal stress is an important abiotic stress that plants face.Heavy mental can damage the structure of the protein in cells,and produce harmful substances such as reactive oxygen species,which will damage the growth and development of plants.Plants have formed a variety of molecular mechanisms that respond to heavy metal stress in the evolutionary process,and miRNAs play an important regulatory role.The review outlined the harmful effects of heavy metals in plants,the mechanism of plants relieving heavy metal stress,as well as the formation process and action mechanism of miRNA.It specifically analyzed the response of miRNA and its target genes under different heavy metal stresses such as copper,cadmium,arsenic and mercury.It also summarized and forecast the relevant research contents and emphasis at home and abroad.The review would be valuable for further research on the regulation mechanism of plants under heavy metal stress as well as the resistance breeding of plants.