马立克氏病病毒和火鸡疱疹病毒在鸡胚细胞培养上生长特性的比较

COMPARISON OF GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN MAREK'S DISEASE VIRUS AND HERPESVIRUS OF TURKEY IN CHICK EMBRYONIC CELL CULTURE

比较了马立克氏病病毒(MDV)不同毒株(GA、Md5、Md11/75c、SB1)和火鸡疱疹病毒(HVT)Fc126株在鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)上的空斑形态,测定了MDV-GA和HVT-Fc126的生长速度,并观察了它们的超微结构。发现不同毒株的空斑形态不同,毒株的毒力越强,其空斑越小。生长速度测定表明,毒力越强的毒株,CPE出现越晚;接毒量愈多,CPE出现愈早。还发现HVT-Fc126可能存在病毒的第二次释放,而MDV-GA未见此种现象。超微结构动态观察表明,MDV-GA的感染形式可能主要是通过合胞体从一个细胞核进入另一个细胞核,而HVT-Fc126除了此种形式外,还可能通过细胞膜上的微绒毛释放到细胞外而形成第二次感染。超微结构观察还表明,MDV-GA和HVT-Fc126均在感染细胞内形成;MDV-GA主要存在于胞核内,胞质中很少见,而HVT-Fc126在胞核和胞质中均可看到。这两株病毒大小相似,核衣壳直径均为90～100nm。

Infected with different strains of MDV, variation of virus plaque was observed in chick embryonic cell culture. The shape of the plaques varied in accordance with the virulence of the MDV strains. The more virulent strains produced smaller plaques. The ascending order of plaque size in cell culture is as follows: MDV-Md5,MDV-GA, MDV-SB1, MDV Mdll/75c and HVT-Fcl26. The latent period of the virus is related to the amount of virus particles inoculated, the more virus inoculated, the earlier CPE appeared. By measuring the growth rate of the virus and observing with the electron microscope ( EM ) , probably secondary infection was found in cells infected with HVT-Fc126,but not with MDV-GA. From the results of EM observation, we suggest that the infection mode of MDV-GA is to move from one nucleus to another while forming a syncytium and the infection mode of HVT-Fcl26 includes both secondary infection and syncytial formation.