摘要
对闪电产生NOX 的物理机制及化学过程进行了分析 ,并根据闪电物理及不同经纬度上观测到的闪电资料 ,对中国内陆地区闪电产生的NOX 进行了估算。结果表明 :各纬度上每 10 0km2 内闪电产生NOX 估算的年平均值 (WLNOX)从南到北随纬度的增高而降低 ,在广东、陇东、北京和东北地区的最高值分别为 6 .4 1× 10 6gN/ 10 0km2 /yr、4 .2 6× 10 6gN/ 10 0km2 /yr、3.6 5× 10 6gN/ 10 0km2 /yr和 3.5 2× 10 6gN/ 10 0km2 / yr。闪电产生的NOX 主要分布于 35°N以南的地区 ,从陇东地区向南到广东地区的闪电产生的NOX 占整个中国内陆的 2 / 3以上。整个中国内陆地区闪电产生NOX 的年平均估算值为3.84× 10 11gN/ yr。就广东地区而言 ,强雷暴的活动月闪电产生的NOX 比弱雷暴活动月的大一个量级。在雷暴天气过程中闪电产生NOX 浓度的峰值都无一例外地出现在雷暴云发展的成熟期 ,其直接原因主要是雷暴云成熟期的高闪电频数。
The physical mechanismand chemical process of generation of NO\-X fromlightning are summarized.Latitudinal and longitudinal distributions of estimated production of lightning- generated NO\-Xin Chinese inlandareahave been obtained by utilizing the theory of lightning physics and CG lightning data. The results show that the annual average latitudinaldistribution of estimated NO X generated by lightning per 100 km 2 in the Chinese inland area (WLNO\-X) reduces with latitude heightening from south to north, and the maximums in Guangdong, eastern Gansu, Beijing, as well as Dongbei area are 6.41 10 6 gN/100km 2 /yr, 4.26 10 6 gN/100km 2 /yr, 3.65 10 6 gN/100km 2 /yr, and 3.52 10 6 gN/100km 2 /yr respectively. NO X from lightning mainly appears to the south of 35°N area. NO X produced by lightning from eastern Gansu to Guangdong area takesabove 2/3 of whole production in Chinese inlandarea. The estimated annual average lightning- generated NO X in whole Chinese inland area is 3.84 10 11 gN/yr. Production of NO\-Xfrom lightning in month with more thunderstorm activitiesin Guangdong area is one magnitudegreater than that in month with rare thunderstorm area activities. The peak value of NO X concentration in one certain thunderstorm process is during the mature stage withoutexception because of higher lightning frequencies.
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第5期501-508,共8页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KXCX2 -2 0 1)
国家自然科学基金"十五"重点项目 (4 0 13 5 0 10 )共同资助
