意义类型划分再探讨

Further Discussion on the Differentiation of Meaning Types

目前 ,有关意义类型划分的理论都有美中不足之处。文章首先介绍并分析了几种这方面最流行的理论 ,继而提出笔者的划分思路。意义类型的划分应该按照不同的标准进行 :首先按照语言的横向层次 ,把意义划分为词素意义、词汇意义、短语意义、分句意义、句子意义和篇章意义 ;其次按照纵向层次 ,把意义划分为基本意义、情景意义和社会文化意义 ;最后按照意义传递的媒介 ,把整个意义系统分为语言手段意义和非语言手段意义。

At present, the theories about the differentiation of meaning types have some weak points. This article first introduces and analyses the most popular theories of this kind. Then, it provides that the differentiation of meaning types should be carried out under different standards. First, meaning can be divided into morphemic meaning, lexical meaning, phrasal meaning, sentential meaning and textual meaning according to the crosswise hierarchy of language. Second, it can be divided into basic meaning, situational meaning and social-cultural meaning according to the vertical hierarchy. At last, the whole meaning system is divided into linguistic meaning and non-linguistic meaning according to the media of meaning transmission.