黄河调水调沙

Water and Sand Diversion in the Yellow River

黄河以其多泥沙,河道善淤、善决、善徙,而著称于世,被认为是世界上最复杂、最难治理的河流。黄河泥沙主要来自黄土高原的土壤侵蚀,黄河下游河道淤积的主要原因在于“水少沙多,水沙不平衡”。按照黄河下游河道冲淤规律,只要把进入黄河下游河道的不平衡的水沙关系调节为相协调的水沙关系,完全可以使黄河下游河道实现不淤积。黄河首次调水调沙试验达到了预期的目的。通过这次试验,积累了对黄河测验的海量数据(520万组),加深了对黄河河床演变及水沙规律的认识,为今后建立更加符合原型黄河实际的数学模型和实体模型提供了极其重要的物理参数。

The Yellow River obtains a worldwide fame for its numerous sand, prone to sedimentation, breaking and drying up and is regarded as the most complicated and difficult river in the World for harness. Sand of the Yellow River mostly form the soil erosion on the Loess Plateau and the causes of sedimentation of the river courses on the lower reaches of the Yellow River are due to ' the imbalance of water and sand for sand is more than water'. According to the law of sand flushing on the lower reaches of the Yellow River, it is possible to get ride of sedimentation in the river courses on the lower reaches of the Yellow River though weighing the balance of sand and water. The first experiment of water and sand diversion in the Yellow river has met our expected result. Because of this experiment, mass data (5.2 million group) has been accumulated from the Yellow River experiment, which has not only built up our knowledge on evolution of the riverbed and law of water and sand of the Yellow River, but shall also help us to build a mathematical model that more conform to the actual Yellow River and provide critical physical parameter to the actual model.