服务贸易自由化与全球价值链:参与度及分工地位

Services Liberalization and Global Value Chains:Participation and Position

本文利用世界银行的服务贸易限制指数以及世界投入产出数据库,研究了服务贸易自由化对制造业全球价值链参与度和分工地位的影响。实证结果表明:服务贸易自由化促进了制造业全球价值链的前向参与而抑制了其后向参与,显著提升了制造业企业在价值链中的分工地位;从经济发展水平来看,服务贸易自由化对发展中国家分工地位的提升效应大于发达国家;不同服务部门的开放具有异质性影响,其中零售、电信、金融和专业服务部门的自由化能够显著提升一国制造业的分工地位,而运输服务部门自由化促进制造业价值链升级的作用并不明显。本文为中国进一步扩大服务贸易开放,助力制造业利用国内外优质服务深度融入全球价值链、提升国际竞争力、实现价值链跃升提供了实证支持和政策参考。

This paper used the World Bank's Service Trade Restriction Index(STRI)and the WIOD database to study the impact of service trade restrictiveness on the manufacturing participation and position in the global value chain.The empirical results indicate:services liberalization has promoted the forward participation of the global value chain of the manufacturing industry,inhibited subsequent participation,and significantly increased the division of labor status of manufacturing enterprises in the value chain.From the perspective of income level,services liberalization has a greater effect on the GVC positon of developing countries than developed countries.The opening of different service sectors has heterogeneous effects:the positon promoting effect of retail,telecommunications,and professional services liberalization is more obvious,while the positon promoting effect of transport services liberalization is not significant.This paper provides empirical support and policy reference for China to expand the openness of service sectors,to help the manufacturing industry fully use domestic and foreign high-quality services to deeply integrate into global value chains,enhance international competitiveness,and achieve a rapid rise in the value chain position.