认知视角下英汉人体部位词的语义拓展对比——以“头”“面”和五官词为例

Contrast of the Meaning Expansion between English and Chinese Body-part Terms from the Perspective of Cognition——A Case Study of "head", "face" and facial features

隐喻思维是词义衍生的认知基础和驱动力量。运用隐喻理论与识解理论来考察和对比以“头”“面”和五官词为例的英汉人体部位词语在语义拓展和语言表达上的异同之处发现,聚焦、突显、视角和详略度等识解方式充分地解释了人体部位词语义拓展的理据性。英汉人体部位词的隐喻构词体现出一定的相似性和差异性。

Metaphorical thinking is the cognitive basis and driving force of word meaning.Based on metaphor theory and construal theory,this study attempts to examine and contrast the similarities and differences between semantic and linguistic expressions of English and Chinese words of"head","face"and facial features.The study found that the ways of construal,such as focusing,prominence,perspective and specificity,fully explain the motivation of meaning expansion of body-part terms.The metaphorical word-formation of English and Chinese body-part terms reflect certain similarities and differences.