跨界危机应对中组织协同绩效的影响因素与作用机制分析——基于两起海洋溢油事件的比较案例研究

Analysis of the Influencing Factors and Mechanism of Organizational Collaborative Performance in Transboundary Crisis Response:a Comparative Case Study based on Two Offshore Oil Spills

通过对跨界危机概念和特征的解析,明确跨界危机管理的关键难点在于组织间的协同管理。对危机管理组织协同已有文献的研究发现,组织结构、文化情境和社会资本是影响组织协同绩效的重要因素,在此基础上提出了中国语境下跨界危机应对中组织协同绩效的影响因素与作用机制的理论假设。运用案例分析法,对两起典型的跨界危机——海洋溢油危机案例进行了分析,对提出的理论假设进行了验证。研究结果表明:中国作为具有深厚官僚制传统的国家,专业化部门运作效能更高,成立专门的协调机构模式的协同绩效要优于其他模式;上级领导对协调工作的重视会产生有利于协调的文化氛围,提升组织协同绩效;在危机准备期间,各组织成员之间通过签订合作协议积累了组织间的契约型信任,比没有或很少有此类工作关系的情况更能提升协同绩效。据此,提出了相关的政策建议:混合制协调模式是我国协调模式的发展方向;各协调机构成员在危机准备期间应通过协议、演习、培训等方式建立良好的工作关系以增加信任。

By analyzing the concept and characteristics of trans-boundary crisis,it is clear that the key difficulty of trans-boundary crisis management lies in the coordinated management among organizations.Based on the existing literature on organizational coordination of crisis management,it is found that organizational structure,cultural context and social capital are the important factors that affect organizational coordinated performance.On this basis,the theoretical hypotheses of influencing factors and acting mechanism of organizational coordinated performance in cross-border crisis response in Chinese context are put forward.By using case analyses,two typical cases of trans-boundary crisis-offshore oil crises are analyzed,and the theoretical assumptions are verified.The results show that China,as a nation with a deep tradition of bureaucracy,has higher efficiency in the operation of specialized departments.The superiors emphasis on coordination will create a culture conducive to cooperation and improve organizational coordination performance.Moreover,during crisis preparation,contractual trust between organizations is accumulated through cooperation agreements between members of the organizations,which can improve the cooperative performance better than those having no or few such working relationships.On the basis of this,relevant policy suggestions are put forward:The coordination mode of mixed system is the development direction of China s organizational coordination in trans-boundary crisis;Members of the coordination agencies should establish good working relations through agreements,exercises,training and other means during crisis preparation.