Q型烟粉虱对不同寄主植物的选择性

Selectivity of Bemisia tabaci biotype Q to different host plants

【目的】明确Q型烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci biotype Q)对不同寄主植物的选择性,探索有效的“推—拉”防治措施,为有效防控烟粉虱提供科学依据。【方法】采用室内Y型嗅觉仪和田间寄主选择性试验,测试Q型烟粉虱对5科16种寄主植物的嗜食性。【结果】Q型烟粉虱对十字花科芥蓝、白菜、包心菜和油菜的选择性差异不显著(P>0.05,下同),其中对芥蓝的选择性略强于对包心菜、白菜和油菜的选择性;对锦葵科棉花和扶桑的选择性差异不显著,其中对棉花的选择性略强于对扶桑的选择性;对豆科四季豆和荷兰豆的选择性差异不显著,其中对四季豆的选择性略强于对荷兰豆的选择性;在4种茄科植物番茄、辣椒、茄子和烟草中,Q型烟粉虱最喜好番茄,其次为茄子和辣椒,对烟草的嗜食性最低,且显著低于对番茄的嗜食性(P<0.05,下同);在4种葫芦科植物白瓜、冬瓜、青瓜和节瓜中,Q型烟粉虱偏嗜青瓜,其次为冬瓜和白瓜,对节瓜的嗜食性最低,且显著低于对青瓜的嗜食性。室内选择性试验结果显示,在供试的各科代表植物中,Q型烟粉虱嗜食性排序为青瓜>四季豆>番茄>芥蓝>棉花。田间选性试验结果与室内Y型嗅觉仪试验结果一致。【结论】青瓜可作为引诱植物种植在主栽作物周边,以便于集中杀灭烟粉虱,减少Q型烟粉虱对主栽作物的危害。

【Objective】To determine the selectivity of Bemisia tabaci biotype Q to different host plants and to explore the effective push and pull control measures,the experimental was carried out. The results would provide basis for effective prevention and control of B. tabaci.【Method】The selectivity of B. tabaci biotype Q to sixteen host plants from five families were tested by indoor Y-type olfactometer and field trial.【Result】The selectivity difference of B. tabaci biotype Q to Chinese kale,Chinese cabbage,cabbage and rape of Cruciferae was not significant(P>0.05,the same below). The selectivity of B. tabaci biotype Q to Chinese kale was slightly greater than that to cabbage,Chinese cabbage and rape. The selectivity difference of B. tabaci biotype Q to cotton and Chinese hibiscus of Malvaceae was not significant. The B. tabaci biotype Q preferred cotton more than Chinese hibiscus. There was no significant difference in the selectivity of kidney bean and snow peas. The B. tabaci biotype Q preferred kidney bean more than snow peas. Among the four Solanaceae plants(tomato,pepper,eggplant and tobacco),B. tabaci biotype Q preferred tomato,followed by eggplant and pepper. They had the lowest appetite for tobacco,and it was significantly lower than that for tomato(P<0.05,the same below). Among the four Cucurbitaceous plants(cucurbita pepo,wax gourd,cucumber and chieh-qua),B. tabaci biotype Q preferred cucumber,followed by wax gourd and cucurbita pepo. The lowest appetite was chieh-qua,which was significantly lower than that for cucumber. The results of indoor selectivity test showed that,among the tested plants reprenting each family,the order of feeding habits of B. tabaci biotype Q was cucumber>kidney bean>tomato>kale>cotton. The results of field selectivity test were consistent with those of indoor Y-type olfactometer.【Conclusion】Cucumber can be planted around the main crops as an attractive plant to kill B. tabaci and reduce the harm of B. tabaci biotype Q to the main crops.