广西新型农业经营主体增收路径分析

The path of increasing income for new agricultural enterprises in Guangxi

【目的】新型农业经营主体是连接小农户和大市场的关键环节,研究其在新常态下主要面临的劣势、优势及增收机制,为广西新型经营主体的发展提供理论参考。【方法】采用问卷调查方法对广西不同类型新型农业经营主体进行抽样调查,运用超越对数(Translog)生产函数对新型农业经营主体增收机制进行分析。【结果】广西新型农业经营主体面临资金不足、基础设施不完善、缺乏人才等劣势,但在自然资源、产品及区位等方面有明显优势。广西新型农业经营主体土地要素产出弹性最高,仍然属于要素投入与规模报酬递增阶段。农业社会服务发展滞后,在当前阶段通过增加要素投入、提高受教育水平及发展多种产业融合是新型农业经营主体的主要增收路径。【建议】发展自然资源禀赋优势,打造地方特色生态品牌与功能农业;探索政府担保+企业主导+农民入股+资源开发等多种融资发展模式,拓宽资金来源;发展技术服务规模经营,培养一批职业产业带头人;完善农业社会化服务体系,加快产业融合发展。

【Objective】The main body of new agricultural operation is the key link between“small farmers”and“big market”.This paper studied the challenges,advantages and income-increasing mechanisms that were faced in the new normal,in order to provide theoretical reference for the development path of new business entities in Guangxi.【Method】The questionnaires were used to investigate the different types of new agricultural management entities in Guangxi,and the Translog production function was used to explore the income-increasing mechanism of new agricultural management entities.【Result】The main bodies of new-type agricultural management in Guangxi were facing the disadvantages of insufficient funds,imperfect infrastructure and lack of talents.They had great advantages in natural resources,products and location.The output elasticity of land elements was the highest among the main bodies of new agricultural management in Guangxi,which still belonged to the increasing stage of factor input and scale return.The development of agricultural social services lagged behind.At the present stage,increasing factor input,improving education level and developing multiindustry integration were still the main ways to increase income.【Suggestion】Developing natural resource endowment advantages,building local characteristic ecological brand and functional agriculture;exploring various financing development modes,such as government guarantee+enterprise dominance+farmers’equity participation+resource development,to broaden the sources of funds;developing scale operation of technical services,cultivating a number of professional industrial pioneers;improving the service system of agricultural socialization,promoting the integrative development of industry.