EMS对烤烟K326种子发芽率及幼苗成活率的处理效应

Effects of EMS on Germination and Seedling Survival Rates of Flue-cured Tobacco K326 Seeds

烟草是一种重要的经济作物,需要不断培育新品种,并开展重要基因的克隆及功能研究。甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)化学诱变技术是一种重要的植物育种手段,EMS处理创制的突变体还可作为基因克隆和功能研究的材料。本研究采用多种EMS诱变剂浓度与处理时间的组合对中国主栽烤烟品种K326种子进行诱变处理,探讨了EMS化学诱变剂对K326种子相对发芽率和幼苗相对成活率的处理效应。结果表明,在EMS处理浓度为0.3%~1.5%的范围内,处理8h,种子相对发芽率下降不明显,幼苗相对成活率随EMS浓度的升高逐渐下降;处理12h,1.1%的EMS处理后种子相对发芽率为48%,0.7%的EMS处理下幼苗相对成活率为55.9%;处理16h,0.9%的EMS处理后种子相对发芽率为35%,0.5%的EMS处理后幼苗成活率为65.97%。以种子或幼苗半致死率为选择标准,计算出K326种子诱变处理的条件分别为1.15%的EMS处理12h或0.88%的EMS处理16h;0.7%的EMS处理12h或1.1%的EMS处理8h。种子致死处理条件为1.1%的EMS处理16h、1.5%的EMS处理12h或16h。本研究比较了多种EMS诱变剂浓度与处理时间的组合对K326种子相对发芽率和幼苗相对成活率的诱变效果,将为开展烤烟种子化学诱变研究,构建烟草突变体库提供科学依据。

As one of important economic crops,tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)needs to breed new varieties constantly,and carry out cloning and functional research of important genes.Ethyl Methane Sulfonate(EMS)chemical mutagenesis is an important means of plant breeding.EMS mutants can be used as materials for gene cloning and functional studies as well.Different combinations of EMS mutagen concentrations and treatment time were used to mutagenize seeds of K326,a main flue-cured tobacco cultivar in China.The mutagenic effects of EMS chemical mutagens on relative germination rate and seedling survival rate of K326 were discussed.The results showed that the relative germination rate of seedlings did not decrease obviously,and the relative seedling survival rate decreased gradually with the increase of EMS concentration,when treated with EMS at a concentration of 0.3%~1.5%for 8 hours.After 12 hours of treatment,relative seed germination rate was 48%with 1.1%EMS,and relative seedling survival rate was 55.9%under 0.7%EMS.After treatment for 16 hours,the relative seed germination rate after 0.9%EMS treating was 35%,and the relative seedling survival rate with 0.5%EMS was 65.97%.Under the selection criteria of semi-lethal rate of seeds or seedlings,the appropriate conditions for K326 seed mutagenesis were calculated as 1.15%EMS treating for 12 hours or 0.88%EMS treating for 16 hours and 0.7%EMS treating for 12 hours or 1.1%EMS treating for 8 hours,respectively.The lethal treatment conditions of seeds were 1.1%EMS treating for 16 hours and 1.5%EMS treating for 12 or 16 hours.In this study,the mutagenic effects of various combinations of EMS mutagen concentrations and treatment time on the relative seed germination and seedling survival rates of K326 seeds were compared,which would provide scientific basis for the study on chemical mutagenesis of tobacco seeds and construction of tobacco mutant banks.