家禽主要组织相容性复合体结构的研究进展

Advance in Research of Poultry Major Histocompatibility Complex Structure

主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)存在于所有高等脊椎动物的基因组中,表现为高度多态和多基因的特性。MHC在免疫应答和病毒抵御上发挥着重要作用,不同家禽的MHC结构差异一定程度上可以解释其抗病性的差异。本文对近年来在鸡、鹌鹑、火鸡、鸭、鹅和其他几种禽类MHC结构研究方面的进展进行综述,对不同家禽MHC结构进行对比分析,有利于了解不同家禽品种间的遗传关系,促进家禽抗病育种的研究。

The major histocompatibility complex(MHC)exists in the genome of higher vertebrate species,and shows polygenic and polymorphic characteristics.MHC molecules play an important role in immune response and viral resistance,so the difference in MHC structure between poultry can explain the divergence in disease resistance to some extent.In this paper,the research progress of MHC structure in chicken,quail,turkey,duck,goose and other avian was summarized.The comparative analysis of MHC structure in different poultry is helpful to understand the genetic relationship among poultries and improve the research of disease resistance breeding.