腹泻仔猪与健康仔猪粪便菌群多样性的比较

Comparison of Fecal Microbial Diversity between Diarrheal Piglets and Healthy Piglets

本试验旨在探究腹泻仔猪与健康仔猪粪便菌群多样性及结构的差异。采集同等饲养条件下的8份腹泻和8份健康哺乳仔猪的粪便样本,利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对健康仔猪和腹泻仔猪粪便菌群进行比较。结果表明:健康仔猪粪便菌群的多样性高于腹泻仔猪(P<0.05);与健康仔猪粪便菌群组成相比,腹泻仔猪变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度增加(P<0.05),而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)降低(P<0.05);在属的分类水平上,腹泻仔猪粪便中埃希氏-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的相对丰度高于健康仔猪(P<0.05),而拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、Lachnoclostridium和瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)低于健康仔猪(P<0.05)。综上表明,腹泻仔猪与健康仔猪粪便菌群的多样性和结构存在显著差异,埃希氏-志贺菌属的相对丰度显著增加可能是仔猪腹泻的重要原因之一。

This study was conducted to explore the differences of fecal microbiota of piglets with diarrhea and healthy piglets.Fecal samples were collected from healthy(n=8)or diarrheal(n=8)piglets at the same feeding conditions.The fecal microbiota of healthy and diarrheal piglets was compared using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.From our results,the fecal microbiota of healthy group was more diverse than that in the diarrhea group and statistical difference was observed(P<0.05).Compared with healthy group,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly increased in the diarrhea group,while Bacteroidetes was decreased(P<0.05).At the genus level,Escherichia-Shigella and Lactobacillus were the predominant genera in the diarrheal piglets,whereas the relative abundance of Bacteroides,Lachnoclostridium and Ruminococcus was lower than that in the healthy group(P<0.05).Our findings revealed that there were significant differences in fecal microbial diversity and structure between diarrheal and healthy piglets.The significant increase in relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the gut may be one of the important causes of diarrhea in piglets.