PPP项目失败的组态研究——基于30个案例的清晰集定性比较分析

The Configuration of PPP Failure:A Crisp-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

相较于计划经济时期的“命令-控制”模式和转型时期的“委托-代理”模式,以PPP为代表的公私部门合作“契约模式”是新时代一种新型的公共治理模式,然而由于存在不同层次、不同角度的问题,PPP项目在实施过程中容易出现“1+1<2”的失败情况。论文以30个典型PPP项目失败案例为研究对象,采用定性比较分析方法对PPP项目失败的类型及其前因条件的交互作用进行实证检验,结果显示PPP项目失败存在七类主要组态模式,并且各个组态构型呈现出非均匀分布,特别是由于我国是一个发展中国家,PPP失败中的政策法律层面的制度试错风险较高。论文丰富发展了PPP项目的相关理论,并对如何应对PPP项目失败提出了相应的建议和措施。

As with the“command and control”mode of the planned economy period and the“principal-agent”mode of the transition period,the contract mode of the public-private partnership is a new type of public governance mode for a new era.However,due to the problems of different levels and perspectives,the implementation of PPP projects are prone to failure;one plus one sometimes equals less than two.This study selected 30 typical PPP failure cases as the research object,and explored the critical configurations of PPP failure and its antecedent conditions by qualitative comparative analysis(QCA).The results indicate that there are seven types of PPP failure configuration modes in which the configuration presents non-uniform distribution.In addition,since China is a developing country,PPP failure risk is high for policy,legal and institutional trials.This research has enriched the PPP theory and put forward corresponding suggestions and measures to better evaluate PPP project failure.