地方官员异地调任何以推动政策创新扩散?——基于议程触发与政策决策的比较案例分析

Local Geographical Leadership Mobility and Policy Innovation Diffusion

我国独特的干部制度具有促进地方政策创新扩散的功能。地方主官的制度性流动和地方政府决策权的相对集中,不仅能够促进地方官员治理经验的流动、激发地方官员的创新动力,而且使其采纳和实施一项新政策也相对容易,从而使地方主官在异地调任过程中成为引起政策创新扩散的政策企业家。地方官员异地调任过程中要实现政策创新的扩散需要经过议程触发和政策决策两个环节,依据影响这两个环节的关键变量,即问题严重性和利益复杂性,并基于四个案例的实证分析,发现地方官员在异地调任过程中存在经验展示型、经验嵌入型、治理复制型和治理再造型四种政策扩散模式。地方官员异地调任中的政策创新扩散现象还有助于完善当前我国政策“试点—扩散”机制的解释框架。

China’s unique cadre system has the ability to promote the diffusion of local policy innovations.The institutional and geographical mobility of local leadership and the relative concentration of local government decision-making power can promote the flow of local officials governance experiences,stimulate innovation by local officials,and make it relatively easier to adopt and implement new policies.As a result,local officials become policy entrepreneurs who increase policy diffusion as they change positions and locations.In order to capture the diffusion of local policy innovation through geographical leadership mobility,it is necessary to go through the two stages of agenda triggering and policy decision-making.Using two key variables—the severity of problems and the complexity of interest—this studyanalyzed four cases to highlight the four types of local policy diffusion models for geographical leadership mobility.They are the experience-displaying model,the experience-embedding model,the governance-replicating model,and the governance-reinventing model.Studying the phenomenon of local policy innovation diffusion during geographical leadership mobility can also help improve the interpretation framework of China’s current policy“pilot-diffusion”mechanism.