从“兴于诗,立于礼”看诗性智慧——试论《诗》礼合一的成德之学a

Exploring the Poetic Wisdom from "Rising from Poetry and Make Achievements through Li"

诗所言之志可以从多重层面来理解。其中,采诗、献诗与编诗之志使《诗》完成了从个人领域到伦理政治领域的转向。《诗》浸润在先秦礼乐文明的时代背景之中,是礼的精神在言说。不通礼,无以言《诗》。《诗》与礼既有同一,又有差异。《诗》与礼都源于人情,目的在于导养人的道德情感,使其止乎礼义。但两者具有不同的表现形式和作用方式。《诗》的独特性在于“兴”,由有限的言辞与意象通达无限的道,兴起好善恶恶之心。礼的独特性在于“立”,通过一系列节文度数使人心念纯正、行为周旋中礼。

From the composition to the collection,the performance as well as the chanting,the transition of the Book of Shi from a personal sphere to a public sphere of ethical politics has been completed.As the crystallization of the Li-Yue civilizationof the early Zhou Dynasty,the Book of Shi is the concentrated reflection of the spirit of the Li.Without the deep inquiry into the Li,it’s impossible to understand the Shi.Shi and Li share some common points,derived from the human emotions and aiming at refining moral feelings.However,Shi and Li have different approaches.The characteristic of Shi is arousing(Xing),which approaches to the Dao from limited words and images and then makes people like the good and hate the evil.The characteristic of Li is establishing.Through a series of rituals Rules of Propriety,people refresh their mind and obey the rituals.Nevertheless,Both of Shi and Li aim at self-cultivation.